Many claim that France’s 1974 Messmer plan resulted in the building of its 58 reactors in 15 years. One took 10 years, the second took 11 years, the third took 16 years, and the fourth took 18 years to complete. Planning and procurement for four reactors in Ringhals, Sweden started in 1965. Taishan 2 is not expected to be connected until 2019, giving them PTO times of 12 and 13 years, respectively. Taishan 1 began commercial operation on December 13, 2018. The Taishan 1 and 2 reactors in China were bid in 2006. Haiyang 2 began operation on January 9, 2019, giving them PTO times of 13 and 14 years, respectively. Haiyang 1 began commercial operation on October 22, 2018. The Haiyang 1 and 2 reactors in China were planned to start in 2005. The anticipated completion dates are November 2021 and November 2022, respectively, given them PTO times of 15 and 16 years, respectively. The Vogtle 3 and 4 reactors in Georgia were first proposed in August 2006 to be added to an existing site. It has an estimated the completion year of 2025 to 2027, giving it a PTO time of 17 to 19 years. The Hinkley Point nuclear plant was planned to start in 2008. Its latest estimated completion date is 2020, giving it a PTO time of 20 years. For example, the Olkiluoto 3 reactor in Finland was proposed to the Finnish cabinet in December 2000 to be added to an existing nuclear power plant. The planning-to-operation (PTO) times of all nuclear plants ever built have been 10-19 years or more. The time lag between planning and operation of a nuclear reactor includes the times to identify a site, obtain a site permit, purchase or lease the land, obtain a construction permit, obtain financing and insurance for construction, install transmission, negotiate a power purchase agreement, obtain permits, build the plant, connect it to transmission, and obtain a final operating license. Long Time Lag Between Planning and Operation Here are the seven major problems with nuclear energy:Ĭofrentes Nuclear Power Plant located about 2 kilometers southeast of Cofrentes, Spain 1. Nuclear, though, doesn’t just have one problem. This illustrates a major problem with nuclear power and why renewable energy - in particular Wind, Water, and Solar (WWS)- avoids this problem. So transitioning to 100% renewables as soon as possible would result in tens of millions fewer deaths. Rooftop solar PV projects are down to only a 6-month timeline. Utility-scale wind and solar farms, on the other hand, take on average only 2 to 5 years, from the planning phase to operation. So switching out our energy system to nuclear would result in about 93 million people dying, as we wait for all the new nuclear plants to be built in the all-nuclear scenario. According to the World Health Organization, about 7.1 million people die from air pollution each year, with more than 90 percent of these deaths from energy-related combustion. One nuclear power plant takes on average about 14-1/2 years to build, from the planning phase all the way to operation. They advocate that nuclear is a “clean” carbon-free source of power, but they don’t look at the human impacts of these scenarios. Many others propose nuclear grow to satisfy up to 20 percent of all our energy (not just electricity) needs. There is a small group of scientists that have proposed replacing 100% of the world’s fossil fuel power plants with nuclear reactors as a way to solve climate change.
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